On the whole these findings suggest that ACE2 might exert antihypertensive and/or cardioprotective effects by different mechanisms, namely: (i) limiting the availability of ACE substrates, (ii) degrading Ang-II, (iii) activating the Ang1-7/MasR and/or Alamandine/MrgD pathways, (iv) interfering with other substrates, such as DABK and apelins (Figure 3).