Key: * = use rubber dam with sealant around tooth/dam interface and high-volume aspiration ** = CPP-ACP could be used as an additional measure but should not replace fluoride. Peptides may be considered, though there is limited evidence to support them. SDF is not recommended for anterior teeth † = only for primary teeth ART = atraumatic restorative treatment CMCR = chemo-mechanical caries removal GIC = glass-ionomer cement HVGIC = high-viscosity glass-ionomer cement NRCC = non-restorative cavity control SDF = silver diamine fluoride