Raw264.7 cultured cells were incubated with LDN (0 and 5 µM) in the presence or absence of LPS. After treatment, cells were lysed in RIPA buffer containing 1% protease- phosphatase inhibitors. Protein concentration was determined by BCA assay reagent as described in the manufacturer’s (Thermo Scientific-23227) manual. Protein was loaded on SDS-PAGE and electro-blotted on to PVDF membranes. The membrane was incubated in 5% milk blocking solution for 2 h at room temperature (RT) and probed against primary antibody (1:2000 diluted in TBST; After washing with TBST, the membrane was incubated with HRP conjugated IgG secondary antibody for 2 h and visualized by chemiluminescence. A list of antibodies is provided in supplemental experimental procedures (Table S3).