Given that retinal vascular amyloidosis has been detected in AD (Koronyo et al., 2017; Shi et al., 2020), future studies should aim to examine if BRB permeability is also altered by disease, and if this is a cause or effect of retinal vascular amyloidosis. Indeed, a study using OCT angiography in patients revealed increased fovea avascular zone and decreased foveal thickness in eyes of AD patients (O’Bryhim et al., 2018), implying extensive retinal microvascular damage in the AD retina. Accordingly, recent human studies have demonstrated that retinal vascular abnormalities can predict cognitive decline (Baker et al., 2007; Cabrera DeBuc et al., 2018; Deal et al., 2018). Recent progress in retinal amyloid imaging (Koronyo et al., 2017), pericyte imaging by adaptive optics (Schallek et al., 2013) together with FFA and the recently developed OCT-Leakage (Cunha-Vaz et al., 2016) should allow for a comprehensive assessment of retinal Aβ pathology and BRB damage, potentially revolutionizing AD screening techniques.