One decade ago, and more than a century following the identification of Aβ plaques in the postmortem brain of the first person diagnosed with AD, Auguste Deter, AD-specific pathological hallmarks were shown for the first time in the human retina (Koronyo-Hamaoui et al., 2011). In this original study, Aβ plaques were identified in all flatmount retinas isolated from 13 cases with definite and probable AD, as confirmed by both brain pathology and clinical reports (Figures 2A–C’). Retinal Aβ-plaque pathology in these patients was in stark contrast to minimal to no pathology found in the retina of age- and gender-matched cognitively normal individuals (Figures 2B–C’) (Koronyo-Hamaoui et al., 2011; La Morgia et al., 2016; Koronyo et al., 2017).