One study in 2017 applied a DEB model to explore the implications of using a deployment-risk-based immunization strategy (i.e. to polio-endemic areas) for US military personnel and nondeployed US military populations [163]. Focusing on the dynamics of a hypothetical importation of WPV1 from Syria into Lebanon in 2013 to explore the potential benefits of an OPV SIA conducted in Lebanon in November 2013, a 2017 study developed an IB model that demonstrated the importance of the preventive SIA with respect to preventing a potentially large and explosive outbreak [159].