Acknowledgments
The authors thank Kevin McCarthy, John Modlin, and Radboud Duintjer Tebbens for helpful comments, and recognize and thank Radboud Duintjer Tebbens for his substantial contributions to the work described in and writing of Section 4.1.

Article highlights
Systematic review of the literature demonstrates substantial contributions from polio models published in 2000–2019.
The complexities of polioviruses and the two poliovirus vaccines make policies and modeling challenging.
Different types of models, scopes, and definitions can lead to conflicting recommendations.
Long-term poliovirus vaccine use remains uncertain as the polio endgame extends further in time.
Future polio modeling offers opportunities to evaluate the risks, costs, and benefits of risk management options, including vaccines.

Author contributions
KM Thompson conceived of the review. KM Thompson and DA Kalkowska participated in the design and performance of the literature review, and drafted, read, and approved the manuscript.

Declaration of interest
The authors have no relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript. This includes employment, consultancies, honoraria, stock ownership or options, expert testimony, grants or patents received or pending, or royalties.

Reviewer disclosures
Peer reviewers on this manuscript have no relevant financial or other relationships to disclose.