ACE-2 is a carboxypeptidase expressed on the cell surface which cleaves Angiotensin I (Ang I) into Angiotensin 1–9 and Angiotensin II (Ang II) into Angiotensin 1–7, counteracting the vasoconstrictor, proliferative and fibrotic effects of Angiotensin II generated by Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) [46].