ncy of injection drug use (Kwiatkowski and Booth 2001; Pettes et al. 2010), decrease HIV transmission risk (MacArthur et al. 2012; Platt et al. 2016), and reduce drug-related mortality (Mathers et al. 2013) and the risk of opioid overdose (Volkow et al. 2014). Further, improved ARV outcomes among PWH