For example, funding for research identified as related to “obesity” increased nearly 4-fold between 1985 and 2009, and was counted as “nutrition” research (108). FIGURE 3 Estimated overall federal expenditures for nutrition research, 1985–2009 (top panel) (108); and within NIH for fiscal year 2019 (bottom panel) (110). The top panel is based on information provided by the DHHS (NIH, FDA