CD8 T cell subset skewing and activation patterns in COVID-19 patients and potential links to T cell driven cytokines.
(A) Principle Component Analysis (PCA) of aggregated flow cytometry data. (B) Representative flow cytometry plots of the gating strategy for CD8 T cell subsets. (C) Frequencies of CD8 T cell subsets as indicated. (D) Frequencies of PD1+ and CD39+ cells. Frequencies of (E) KI67+ and (F) HLA-DR+CD38+ cells and representative flow cytometry plots; green line at upper decile of HD. (G) (Top) Global viSNE projection of non-naïve CD8 T cells for all subjects pooled, non-naïve CD8 T cells from healthy donor (HD), recovered donor (RD), and COVID-19 patients concatenated and overlaid. (Bottom) viSNE projections of indicated protein expression. (H) viSNE projection of non-naïve CD8 T cell clusters identified by FlowSOM clustering. (I) Mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) as indicated, column-scaled z-score. (J) Percentage of non-naive CD8 T cells from each cohort in each FlowSOM cluster. Boxes represent IQR. (C, D, E, F, J) Each dot represents an individual healthy donor (HD; green), recovered donor (RD; blue), or COVID-19 patient (red). Significance determined by unpaired Wilcoxon test with BH correction: *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, and ****p < 0.0001.