surveillance, including (i) etiological examination: direct microscopy and culture; (ii) histopathology; (iii) serology: antigen and antibody, (1,3)-β-d-glucan (BDG) [23] and galactomannan (GM) detection by serum are also need to be tested for suspicious patients, while bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and tracheal aspirate (TA) sam