Trizol reagent (Invitrogen, USA) was used to extract the total RNA of different experimental groups for reverse transcription (the reverse transcription kit was purchased from Takara, Japan). SYBR Premix Ex Taq I (Takara, Japan) was then used for real-time quantitative PCR (the instrument was purchased from Bio-Rad, USA) to detect the expression levels of Pink1, Beclin1, Parkin, P62, and ATG5. Each experiment was repeated 3 times for calibration with Actin as the internal reference. The PCR primers sequence used in this study are shown in Table 1.