Fig. 3 Endothelial cells exhibit a broad range of functions that include physical barrier, endocrine, paracrine and autocrine, vascular remodeling and repair, regulation of thrombosis, regulation of inflammation, cell migration and cellular signaling. Endothelial cell (EC), nitric oxide (NO), prostacyclin (PGI2), endothelin (ET), tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI)-1, inter-cellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1, vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1, platelet/endothelial cell adhesion molecule (PECAM)-1