4.1.6. miR-3691-3p
It has been shown that oxidative stress, which has detrimental effects on intercellular communication, plays an important role in many lung pathologies such as acute lung injury and COPD. A proteomic profile of exosomes from human bronchial epithelial cells, under normoxia and hypoxia, has reported reduced expression of miR-3691-3p in hypoxia [100]. Interestingly, miR3691-3p targets several cell signalling pathways, such as TGF-β signalling, FGF2 and also VCAM1, which is relevant for lung injury and repair. In the current study, we have also identified that miR3691-3p exists in four of the genomes, which we have extensively studied here, and therefore it seems to be a conserved miR.