The univariable Cox regression analysis showed that age, male sex, chronic kidney disease, cerebrovascular disease, CRB-65 score and FBG were associated with in-hospital 28-day mortality. The multivariable Cox regression analysis further suggested that age (HR 1.02 [95% CI 1.00, 1.04]), male sex (HR 1.75 [95% CI 1.17, 2.60]), CRB-65 score 1–2 (HR 2.68 [95% CI 1.56, 4.59]), CRB-65 score 3–4 (HR 5.25 [95% CI 2.05, 13.43]) and FBG ≥7.0 mmol/l (HR 2.30 [95% CI 1.49, 3.55]) were independent predictors for mortality (Table 2).
Table 2 Univariable and multivariable analyses of various indicators for death within 28 days in all participants
Univariable analysis HR (95% CI) p value Multivariable analysis HR (95% CI) p value
Hospital
 Wuhan Red Cross Hospital 1 (ref)
 Wuhan Union West Hospital 0.85 (0.57, 1.28) 0.4347
Age, years 1.05 (1.03, 1.06) <0.0001 1.02 (1.00, 1.04) 0.0252
Sex Female 1 (ref) 1 (ref)
Male 2.03 (1.37, 3.01) 0.0004 1.75 (1.17, 2.60) 0.0060
Onset symptoms
 Fever No 1 (ref)
Yes 0.84 (0.48, 1.44) 0.5191
 Cough No 1 (ref)
Yes 0.71 (0.47, 1.08) 0.1125
 Expectoration No 1 (ref)
Yes 1.06 (0.71, 1.58) 0.7788
 Muscular soreness No 1 (ref)
Yes 0.92 (0.57, 1.47) 0.7256
 Fatigue No 1 (ref)
Yes 1.07 (0.72, 1.60) 0.7386
 Diarrhoea No 1 (ref)
Yes 0.83 (0.48, 1.44) 0.5124
Past history of disease
 Hypertension Without 1 (ref)
With 1.27 (0.85, 1.89) 0.2493
 Chronic lung disease Without 1 (ref)
With 1.12 (0.41, 3.03) 0.8285
 Chronic heart disease Without 1 (ref)
With 1.34 (0.75, 2.39) 0.3151
 Chronic liver disease Without 1 (ref)
With 0.95 (0.30, 2.99) 0.9296
 Chronic kidney disease Without 1 (ref)
With 2.28 (1.00, 5.19) 0.0496
 Cerebrovascular disease Without 1 (ref)
With 2.82 (1.31, 6.05) 0.0080
 Carcinoma Without 1 (ref)
With 1.81 (0.92, 3.58) 0.0876
CRB-65 score 0 1 (ref) 1 (ref)
1–2 4.35 (2.81, 6.72) <0.0001 2.68 (1.56–4.59) 0.0003
3–4 13.80 (5.99, 31.80) <0.0001 5.25 (2.05–13.43) 0.0005
Admission FBG, mmol/l <6.1 1 (ref) 1 (ref)
6.1–6.9 2.06 (1.20, 3.54) 0.0087 1.71 (0.99, 2.94) 0.0524
≥7.0 3.54 (2.33, 5.38) <0.0001 2.30 (1.49, 3.55) 0.0002