B cells heterodimer, consisting of p50, p65 and IkBα proteins; STAT3 – Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3; ERK/MAPK – mitogen-activated protein kinases; JNK – c-Jun N-terminal kinases; MEK – Mitogen-activated protein kinases kinase; HIFα – Hypoxia-inducible factor α; HIFβ – Hypoxia-inducible factor β; AP1 – Activator pro