For infection experiments in Caco-2 cells, SARS-CoV-2 isolate Muc-IMB-1/2020, kindly provided by the Bundeswehr Institute of Microbiology, Munich, Germany, was used. SARS-CoV-2 was propagated in Vero E6 cells in DMEM supplemented with 2% FBS. All work involving live SARS-CoV-2 was performed in the BSL-3 facility of the Institute of Virology, University Hospital Freiburg, and was approved according to the German Act of Genetic Engineering by the local authority (Regierungspraesidium Tuebingen, permit UNI.FRK.05.16/05).