To prevent SARS-CoV-2 spread, proper PPE is critical for healthcare workers and the general public alike. Moreover, the development of face masks and other protective materials that can not only capture the aerosol droplets but also immobilize and kill the virus would be a major step toward preventing the spreading of COVID-19 and other infectious diseases. New nanomaterials can help to accomplish this function such as loading Ag NPs on these materials because they show effective antiviral activity against bacteriophage MS2 when loaded on filter surfaces.165