Although vaccines based on novel DNA and mRNA technologies might be promising, there are no such kinds of vaccines on the market, and it is unknown whether they can be effective in humans. Moderna, for instance, has generated preliminary safety data on different mRNA-based vaccines targeting other respiratory viruses, but their more advanced program (on a cytomegalovirus vaccine) is still in Phase II clinical testing. However, on May 18, Moderna announced that mRNA-1273 elicited antibody titers above the levels observed in convalescent individuals (and therefore considered potentially protective) in all eight initial participants across the 25 and 100 μg dose cohorts of the Phase I trial (NCT04283461).70 The company, after having received a fast-track approval from the FDA, is now moving on Phase II trials.