Normal range Total (n = 135) Good-sleep (n = 60) Poor-sleep (n = 75) P value
Blood routine:
 White blood count, ×109/L 3.50–9.50 5.36 (4.16–7.18) 6.06 (4.77–7.57) 5.16 (4.09–6.78) 0.1260
 Neutrophil count, ×109/L 1.80–6.30 4.23 (2.98–5.99) 4.60 (3.30–6.61) 3.92 (2.92–5.54) 0.1700
 Neutrophil percentage, % 40.0–75.0 78.9 (72.1–86.7) 79.7 (73.6–86.9) 76.5 (71.9–85.9) 0.1515
 Lymphocyte count, ×109/L 1.10–3.20 0.75 (0.55–0.95) 0.72 (0.55–0.93) 0.81 (0.55–0.96) 0.5126
 Lymphocyte percentage, % 20.0–50.0 14.5 (8.5–18.1) 11.8 (8.1–17.8) 14.8 (8.9–19.2) 0.2271
 Platelet count, ×109/L 125–350 207.0 (153.0–258.0) 207.0 (145.0–264.5) 207.0 (154.5–247.0) 0.9358
Coagulation parameters†:
 Activated partial thromboplastin time, S 27.0–45.0 38.0 (34.8–42.2) 38.6 (35.4–42.9) 37.9 (34.7–41.6) 0.7342
 Prothrombin time, S 11.0–16.0 13.5 (12.6–14.2) 13.4 (12.7–14.2) 13.5 (12.6–14.2)
 D-dimer ≥ 0.5, μg/mL, n (%) 0.0–0.5 72 (53.3) 29 (48.3) 43 (57.3) 0.2976
Blood biochemistry and electrolyte‡:
 Albumin, g/L 33.0–55.0 29.7 (26.8–32.6) 30.4 (27.5–34.2) 28.7 (26.1–32.0) 0.0386
 Alanine transaminase, U/L 5–40 38.0 (24.5–58.5) 42.5 (29.0–72.5) 33.0 (23.0–54.0) 0.0424
 Total bilirubin, μmol/L 3.0–20.0 10.7 (7.3–14.0) 11.7 (8.6–14.0) 10.1 (6.7–14.0) 0.1305
 Blood urea nitrogen, mmol/L 2.90–8.20 4.77 (3.63–6.47) 5.52 (3.52–7.42) 4.65 (3.64–5.83) 0.1422
 Serum creatinine, μmol/L 57.0–111.0 69.3 (58.5–85.0) 69.7 (58.7–86.3) 68.0 (57.3–82.6) 0.9991
 Creatine kinase, U/L‡ 24–194 69.0 (47.0–130.0) 81.0 (52.0–165.0) 64.5 (40.0–105.5) 0.0288
 Lactate dehydrogenase, U/L 109–245 305.0 (224.5–380.5) 326.0 (225.0–402.0) 277.0 (224.5–367.0) 0.1233
 Glucose, mmol/L 3.90–6.10 6.40 (5.53–8.63) 6.37 (5.77–9.78) 6.55 (5.47–8.20) 0.3565
 Total carbon dioxide, mmol/L 20.0–29.0 24.1 (21.6–28.0) 23.6 (21.7–27.6) 24.6 (21.6–28.4) 0.3503
 Sodium, mmol/L 137.0–147.0 138.2 (135.9–140.3) 137.8 (135.3–140.1) 138.5 (136.5–140.4) 0.2621
 Potassium, mmol/L 3.50–5.30 3.75 (3.41–4.11) 3.82 (3.50–4.17) 3.65 (3.39–4.07) 0.1872
Cardiac biomarkers§:
 Creatine kinase-MB ≥ 6.6, ng/mL < 6.6 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) –
 Hypersensitive cardiac troponin I ≥ 26.2, ng/L < 26.2 7 (5.2) 5 (8.3) 2 (2.7) 0.2779
Complications
 Acute liver dysfunction – 84 (62.2) 37 (61.7) 47 (62.7) 0.9052
 Hyperglycaemia – 64 (47.4) 31 (51.7) 33 (44.0) 0.3754
 Hospital-acquired infection – 8 (5.9) 1 (1.7) 7 (9.3) 0.1316
 Acute kidney injury – 3 (2.2) 0 (0) 3 (4.0) 0.3275
 Acute cardiac injury – 3 (2.2) 1 (1.7) 2 (2.7) 0.8447
Treatment:
 Oxygen therapy
 Nasal cannula – 102 (75.6) 48 (80.0) 64 (85.3) 0.4128
 Oxygen mask – 32 (23.7) 16 (26.7) 16 (21.3) 0.4690
 Without oxygen – 3 (2.2) 1 (1.7) 2 (2.7) 0.8447
 Antiviral therapy – 132 (97.8) 59 (98.3) 73 (97.3) 0.6953
 Antibiotics – 105 (79.5) 44 (73.3) 61 (81.3) 0.2666
 Immunoregulatory therapy – 79 (58.5) 37 (61.7) 42 (56.0) 0.5067
 Corticosteroids – 74 (54.8) 32 (53.3) 42 (56.0) 0.7570
 Immunoglobulin – 39 (28.9) 21 (35.0) 18 (24.0) 0.1612
 Vasoconstrictive agents – 13 (9.6) 6 (10.0) 7 (9.3) 0.8962
Requring ICU care – 9 (6.7) 0 (0) 9 (12.0) 0.0151
Total length of hospital stay, median (IQR), d – 29.0 (21.0–45.0) 25.0 (20.5–36.5) 33.0 (23.0–47.0) 0.0116