MERS-CoV, a zoonotic virus, belonging to lineage C in the genre betacoronavirus of the family Coronaviridae, caused the Middle East respiratory syndrome, in 2012. As of August 11, 2016, the virus had infected 1791 patients, with a mortality rate of 35.6% [53]. The natural reservoir of MERS-CoV is assumedly bats whereas intermediate host is possibly dromedary camels [[54], [55], [56], [57]]. BtCoV-HKU4 and BtCoV-HKU5 bat viruses have been shown to be the closest phylogenetically even if these viruses are not direct ancestors [15]. The first transmission of a bat virus to camels for an adaptation before its emergence into human was suggested. nAbs anti-MERS-CoV could accordingly be found in camels. Moreover, the viruses circulating in dromedaries and in humans are very close suggesting that the dromedary is a reservoir of the virus [58,59]. The genomic structures of bat, human and camel MERS-CoVs are similar but their genomic sequences are different [16].