There is an exacerbation of the IFN, chemokines such as TNF, IFN-γ, IL-6 and CCL5, pro-inflammatory cytokines and stimulatory genes of interferon such as an interferon-induced protein with tetratricopeptide repeats 1) IFIT1, radical S-adenosyl methionine domain containing 2 (RSAD2) and CXCL10 in the TIR-domain-containing adapter-inducing interferon-β (TRIF) and toll-like receptors 3 (TLR3) deficient mice [58].