Aspergillus is an opportunistic fungal pathogen that may cause devastating disease in immunocompromised hosts, including those with hematological malignancies. Aspergillus is an air-borne pathogen, bringing the lungs in the frontline for defense. Recently, severe viral pulmonary infections have shown to be associated with an increased risk for invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA). Severe influenza in critically ill patients for example, is complicated by IPA in 7–23% of cases and associated with a case fatality rate of more than 50% [1]. Similar to influenza, the newly emerged severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) may cause severe lower respiratory tract infections leading to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The proportion of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) who develop severe disease with ARDS is considerably high [2]. Consequently, there is a large number of patients in need for intensive care unit (ICU) admission. It is not yet known, if patients with severe COVID-19 are at similar risk for IPA development as patients with severe influenza.