For imaging manifestations, 7 patients in the COVID-19 group showed normal chest CT (10%). COVID-19 patients have a greater number of pure GGO and mixed GGO than non-COVID-19 patients (p = 0.018 and p = 0.001, respectively). For pure GGO lesions, the differences are significant both in peripheral (p = 0.032) and in central areas (p = 0.001). However, the number of mixed GGO is mainly distributed at the periphery in COVID-19 patients (p < 0.001), with no statistical difference in the central area. The consolidation lesions without GGO occurred less in COVID-19 patients (p = 0.001). More lesions are between 1 and 3 cm (p = 0.027), and fewer lesions are larger than half of the lung segment (p = 0.017) in COVID-19 patients. Other significant differences between the two groups include the pleural traction sign (p = 0.019), bronchial wall thickening (p < 0.001), interlobular septal thickening (p = 0.009), crazy paving (p < 0.001), tree-in-bud (p < 0.001), pleural effusions (p < 0.001), pleural thickening (p = 0.030), and the offending vessel augmentation in lesions (p < 0.001). The lung score presents no significant difference between the COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 groups.