Appendix E. Background Signal Fluorescence Measurements All fluorescence measurements in the Horiba Scientific FluoroMax+ spectrofluorometer are normalized by subtracting the background signal. This background signal is measured using the mixture in Table A4. Table A4 Mixture used for background signal measurement. Sample Reaction Buffer Sample Buffer DNA MilliQ DI Water EG Enzyme [μL] [μL] [μL] [μL] [μL] [μL] Background 9 9 1 1 4 - Figure A4 The background signal of the mixture in Table A4.