ificant difference (Woo et al., 2009b). The afore-mentioned four CoVs have been detected in 2.1–17.9% of clinical specimens (Esper et al., 2006; Lau et al., 2006; Gerna et al., 2007; Regamey et al., 2008; Matoba et al., 2015; Killerby et al., 2018). These viruses have also been associated with lower respiratory tract illness in children, elders, and immunodeficient individuals (