Subsequently, we showed that administration of melatonin dramatically decreased the protein expressions of NLRP3, mature IL-1β and caspase 1(p20), lowered the productions of IL-1β and IL-18 in comparison with those in vehicle-treated WT mice following OVA challenge (Figures 6A–F). Importantly, NLRP3 inflammasome activity was not significantly different between vehicle-treated and luzindole-treated TLR2−/− mice post OVA challenge (Figures 6A–F). These data suggested that melatonin elicited its effect on NLRP3 inflammasome activity via TLR2 signaling, when TLR2 was deficient, blocking the effect of melatonin had null effect on NLRP3 inflammasome activity.