Reagents, Treatment of Cells
For methamphetamine (Meth) treatment, cells were plated at an initial density of 2 × 106cells/mL. Meth was administered once per day at a final concentration of 100 μM, consistent with observed concentrations of Meth in samples from Meth abusers (35). For cultures with HIV-1, cells were pretreated with Meth for 24 h, followed by infection with HIV-1. Cells treated with IL-1RA were given 200 or 400 ng/mL IL-1RA as described (Shenandoah Biotechnology Inc., Warwick, PA), followed by treatment with 100 μM Meth 2 h later if applicable. Cells treated with both HIV-1 and IL-1RA were pretreated for 24 h with IL-1RA before becoming infected with HIV-1. Cells treated with IFNα2 were administered 100U/mL IFNα2 (PBL Assay Science, Piscataway, NJ) for 2 h prior to treatment with 100 μM Meth. Cells treated with both HIV-1 and IFNα2 were pretreated for 24 h with IFNα2 before becoming infected with HIV-1.