The strategy of protective lung ventilation should be implemented in invasive mechanical ventilation: lower tidal volume (4–6 ml/kg), lower plateau pressure (< 30 cmH2O), and appropriate PEEP. For patients with moderate-severe ARDS (PaO2/FiO2 < 150), it is recommended to use higher PEEP, apply prone ventilation for more than 12 h per day and adopt deep sedation and analgesia muscle relaxation strategy within the first 48 h of mechanical ventilation. For patients with severe acute hypoxic respiratory failure, we should pay attention to and prevent ventilator-associated lung injury after mechanical ventilation.