For induction, the use of propofol is not recommended due to its depressing effect on myocardial contractility and systemic vascular resistance. Therefore, etomidate (0.2–0.3 mg/kg) or a combination of midazolam and sufentanil are the preferred induction agents because myocardial contractility and systemic vascular resistance are unaffected [227]. Analgesia could be provided by short-acting opioids such as fentanyl or sufentanil. Anaesthesia is maintained using continuous infusion of propofol and an opioid.