Infantile spasms (IS), a subset of epileptic spasms, is a common epileptic encephalopathy, occurring in 2 to 4/10 000 live births. When the diagnosis is made, parents often have 2 questions: Why is my child having spasms? What will happen to my child? This prompts the physician to ask similar questions: What is the best way to evaluate this patient? What is the best treatment? Can I predict the outcome?