Current treatment options for CCD target prevention, slowing and/or improving the cognitive decline in dogs. Some drugs or food supplements are available for senior dogs and might act neuroprotective. Some enhance the blood flow into the brain, others work as antioxidants and more effort is now directed to slowing the progression of the disease instead of providing only symptomatic treatment. One commonly prescribed drug for cognitive impaired dogs is selegiline, which acts as an inhibitor of monoamine oxidase B (MAOB), thus reducing degradation of several neurotransmitters in the brain, and may have neuroprotective effects on dopaminergic, noradrenergic and cholinergic neurons (Landsberg, 2005; Magyar, 2011). Another drug that is occasionally used is nicergoline, which increases the blood flow through the brain. It may enhance neuronal transmission and act neuroprotective, increase dopamine and noradrenaline turnover and inhibit platelet aggregation (Landsberg, 2005). Propentofylline also has a neuroprotective role as it inhibits the production of free radicals and reduces the activation of microglial cell, thus acting anti-inflammatory (Frampton et al., 2003). Antidepressants such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors fluoxetine and sertraline, amitriptyline, paroxetine and anxiolytics benzodiazepines, gabapentin, valproic acid and buspirone can also be used to treat the anxiety and aggression which may accompany CCD. Clomipramin is an antidepressant commonly prescribed for dogs with anxiety (Landsberg, 2005), but these are all symptomatic treatments and do not treat the disease itself. S-adenosylmethionine tosylate supplementation was reported to be safe and effective in improving signs of age-related mental decline in dogs (Rème et al., 2008).