The initial search resulted in 4,111 articles. Among them, 1,269 articles were excluded because they were duplicates, 76 articles written in languages other than English, 575 in vitro studies, 1,312 review manuscripts, 175 studies that evaluated the use of hMSCs for the treatment of non-immune-related diseases, 501 studies that used only non-human MSCs and 84 studies in which MSCs were not used were also removed from the analysis (Figure 1).