Positive results from pre-clinical trials (28) and the demonstration of immunomodulatory effects of mesenchymal stem cells in “in vitro” experiments (29) led to a rapid increase in interest for the therapeutic potential of the administration of these cells for the treatment of several immune-related diseases (20). As a consequence, it is currently possible to isolate hMSCs from a variety of tissues (12, 14–17), expand them in culture and administer them locally (30) or intravenously (31) for treatment of immune-related diseases (32).