Next we examined the effects of LBP on ischemia-induced memory impairment. Rats received 4 days’ swimming training in Morris water maze from which the escape latency of rats was recorded. The duration in the platform quadrant and swimming track was also measured after removing the platform on the fifth day. As shown in Figure 2A, all groups showed a trend of decreasing escape time with extended training. However, when comparing the mean time during the first 4 days of training period, the vehicle group (31.2 s ± 2.97) took longer time than the sham (15.08 s ± 1.86), Pre-LBP (18.72 s ± 3.38), Post-LBP (19.31 s ± 3.77) and LBP-LBP (16.38 s ± 2.38) groups (all, p < 0.05, Figure 2A). For swimming duration in the platform quadrant at day 5 when the platform was removed, the LBP-LBP group (22.1 s ± 1.8) swam significantly longer than the vehicle group (15.6 s ± 2.5, p < 0.05, Figure 2B), and performed similarly to the sham group (21.8 s ± 1.7, p > 0.05, Figure 2B). Figure 2C illustrates the rats’ movement track at day 5, from which more track lines in the platform quadrant were found in the sham, Pre-LBP, Post- LBP and LBP-LBP groups but less in the vehicle group.