Detection of Mitochondrial Permeability
Cells were incubated with rhodamine123 (1 μM) for 10 min, and then rinsed three times with PBS. Following the last rinse, PBS was replaced by culture medium.
Photos showing the density of intracellular calcium, ROS level and mitochondrial permeability of living cells were taken by a fluorescence microscope (Zeiss, Axio, Germany). The fluorescence intensity in images was analyzed by ImageJ software (NIH).