The present study also evaluated a neuroprotective agent; i.e., CUR, to avoid the changes in the SD rats. Several researchers have clarified that CUR could recover learning and memory abilities in rats in different conditions. Indeed, Guo et al. (2013[10]) indicated that CUR had a protective effect on HIV-neurotoxicity by reducing microglial inflammation and preventing neuronal apoptosis (Guo et al., 2013[10]). Pan et al. (2008[21]) also reported that CUR could facilitate learning and memory function by diminishing or preventing lipid peroxidation in the brain region of aged rats. In general, CUR is a well-known oxygen free radical scavenger (Pan et al., 2008[21]). Sun et al. (2013[25]) disclosed that CUR could also recover learning and memory in senescence-accelerated mice. Similarly, our previous studies revealed that CUR could play protective roles in rat prefrontal cortical neurons in different pathological conditions (Noorafshan et al., 2015[20]). SD could diminish the spatial memories and affect the mPFC structure. However, CUR could preserve the behavioral and structural changes of the mPFC.