Height GWAS Gene and Cancer Driver Gene Comparisons We obtained the list of 611 genes located in regions associated with human height through GWASs from Table S1 of Wood et al.25 We obtained a list of 260 somatically mutated cancer genes from Table S2 of Lawrence et al.26 and the somatic mutations from the tumor portal website. We calculated the probability of seeing the observed overlap of the OGID gene set with the GWAS gene set under a hypergeometric probability distribution assuming a total hypothetical size of 20,000 protein-coding genes in the exome using the phyper function in R. We calculated the probability of seeing the observed overlap of OGID gene set with the cancer driver gene set in the same way.