It has been shown that Campylobacter requires numerous factors to successfully colonize the host, to translocate and to avoid clearance (Awad et al., 2014, 2015a,b, 2016; Humphrey et al., 2014). In addition, Awad et al. (2016) showed that Campylobacter had the ability to reduce butyrate, isobutyrate, valerate, and isovalerate which might be due to the utilization of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) as a carbon source (Masanta et al., 2013) or due to the reduction of butyric acid producing bacteria amongst the microbiota. In general, there is a complex interplay between microbiota composition and SCFAs concentration and it was found that the type and level of SCFAs in the gut can affect different members of the microbial community in various ways (Mon et al., 2015).