Marine microorganisms are exposed to a variety of environmental conditions and are considered as a vast untapped reservoir of metabolic diversity and overwhelming source of novel bioactive compounds. Recent reports of repeated isolation of known metabolites from terrestrial micro/macro organisms indicate that we have almost exhausted this source for novel therapeutics (Daniel 2004; Debbab et al. 2010; Sponga et al. 1999). Contrary to this, several novel bioactive metabolites have recently been reported from different marine organisms. It is also possible that many of these compounds, initially isolated from marine invertebrates, could be produced by associated microorganisms (Mehbub et al. 2014). It is believed that 10–20% of the bacteria isolated from marine environment have biotechnological (Armstrong et al. 2001; Lemos et al. 1985; Zheng et al. 2005) or medicinal (antimicrobial, cytotoxic, antioxidant, antiangeogenesis, antidiabetic, etc.) (Debbab et al. 2010; Thakur et al. 2005; Zheng et al. 2005) properties. Mostly, these reports are based on the bioprospecting studies of microorganisms associated with mangroves, sponges, sea weeds, etc., leaving aside the larger portion of marine environment, i.e., sediments and other extreme environments almost untouched (Beedessee et al. 2015; Santos-Gandelman et al. 2014).