Internet support groups
Parents of NICU babies are increasingly turning to Internet support groups and web pages, with the profusion of parent support organizations that now have an online presence. These sites may be monitored by veteran parents and/or by health-care providers including social workers or nurses,37 although there is potential for the presence of professionals to inhibit parental exchanges.27
A key benefit to Internet support is that parents can access support on sites tailored to their needs anytime and from anywhere,27 which may be particularly beneficial to parents who reside in rural areas,38 and to young single mothers and those who are socially isolated.27 Variables that can inhibit face-to-face communication, such as differences in gender, age and social class, are reduced when parents interact on websites.39 Parents have access to both information and support, and if they are socially sensitive, they can anonymously read others' posts. The collective knowledge of the group is available to all, regardless of their participation level.27 Information can also be imparted through live chats online; these can be moderated by professionals, increasing their value.37 Many parents find Internet support sites to be especially helpful after NICU discharge.
There are several potential drawbacks to parents' use of Internet support sites. Emotionally charged or negative interactions, including abrasive or non-supportive posts, may occur as a result of the reduced social presence people have online.27 Information that is shared between parents may be misleading or unreliable, especially if the site lacks professional oversight to ensure that discussions between participants are medically sound. Veteran parents need to make it clear that they are not medical providers and that parents should consult their child's own doctor for medical issues.