Abbreviations CSD cortical spreading depression GWAS genome-wide association studies HV Healthy Volunteer MA migraine with pure visual Aura MA+ migraine with complex aura MAtot total group of migraine with aura patients MO migraine without aura MwA migraine with aura VEP visual evoked potential Competing interests The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Authors’ contributions GC made substantial contributions to interpretation of data as well as in drafting the manuscript. MS, VP, JS and FP were implied in the interpretation of data as well as in drafting the manuscript; ADR, FM, and AF gave critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content. CDL, DDL and MB were implied in recording and analyzing data. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. Acknowledgment Italian Ministry of Health and Fondazione Roma financially supported the research for this paper.