Population Structure and Isolation of the Kalash
(A) Geographic location of the three Pakistani villages where the Kalash samples were collected.
(B) Principal-component analysis (PCA) of Eurasian populations shows the first two components superimposed with the spatial kriging interpolation of the admixture coefficient of the Kalash genetic cluster. The proportion of admixture is indicated by color: orange represents the maximum level of admixture, and black represents the lowest. There is no gradient into the proportion of admixture with the Kalash cluster, suggesting a low level of gene flow between nearby populations and a high degree of isolation.
(C) Admixture analysis in which the lowest cross-validation error (k = 7) shows the unique Kalash cluster (dark green).