Third, some medications such as neuroleptic agents, antidepressants, opioid antagonists, and antiemetic agents can cause or exacerbate RLS and cease or relieve migraine [45, 46]. Elderly populations are more likely to take these medications and that could result in a higher RLS prevalence within the elderly group without altering the migraine prevalence. This medication-induced increase in the RLS prevalence and decrease in the migraine prevalence in the elderly group may also result in the observed lack of an association between migraine and RLS in the elderly group.