Genetic engineering of M. alpina for enhanced ARA production remains an attractive proposition and for further research. Early work identified desaturases as key enzymes in PUFA synthesis. Specifically, Δ5 desaturase [10], which catalyzes dehydrogenation of dihomo-γ-linolenic acid (DGLA) to form ARA, was isolated and functionally characterized. The rate-limiting step for ARA biosynthesis is catalyzed by elongase which converts γ-linolenic acid (GLA) to DGLA [11,12]. NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase (Cb5R), an electron carrier and a major component of the cytochrome b5-dependent electron transport system, is also crucial. Cb5R catalyzes several different reduction reactions, including the desaturation and elongation of acyl chains built from acetyl-CoA during PUFA synthesis [13]. Despite various studies that have identified the importance of these enzymes in PUFA synthesis and metabolism [2,14], their exact roles are not completely understood, and neither are the pathways through which glucose relates to PUFA biosynthesis and metabolism.