M. alpina is capable of producing ARA and EPA, and EPA can be produced via the ω-3 or the ω-6 PUFA biosynthetic pathways through ARA desaturation [34]. During EPA biosynthesis, Δ15 (ω3) desaturase (MA-072-10) is the key enzyme and was the first fungal desaturase known that uses both 18-carbon and 20-carbon ω-6 PUFAs as substrates [35]. In the ω-3 pathway, (11Z,14Z,17Z)-icosatrienoyl-CoA (c204(3)coa) was used as substrate, while the ω-6 pathway utilized c204(6)coa.