Table 1 Body composition terminology
ASM (appendicular skeletal muscle mass) Lean body mass from limbs, a surrogate measure of skeletal muscle mass. It can be expressed adjusted for height in squared meters (kg/m2) and named ASM index.
FFM (fat-free mass) Sum of LBM plus bone mineral content
FM (fat mass) Amount of fat, also known as body fat
LBM (lean body mass) Also called lean soft tissue, it is the sum of the lean compartments of the body (excluding bone mineral content) (total body water, total body protein, carbohydrate, nonfat lipid, and soft tissue minerals)
Obesity Body mass index ≥ 30 kg/m2
Osteosarcopenic Obesity Concurrent osteoporosis, low muscle mass, and obesity
Sarcopenia Low skeletal muscle mass or muscle wasting
Sarcopenic obesity Concurrent obesity and low muscle mass