Resistance training and protein supplementation combined together are possible therapies to attenuate many of the previously mentioned side effects that are associated with osteosarcopenic obesity due to lack of physical activity. A high-protein dietary intake combined with exercise training has been shown to effectively reduce both body weight and body fat in obese men and women [101] while also helping to maintain or even improve muscle mass in overweight or obese men and women [101, 105] and in sarcopenic individuals [109]. Data indicate that exercise training (six times per week) combined with a higher protein intake (40 % of total energy intake) over a period of 12 weeks improves body weight (−6.2 %), percent total body fat (−15.8 %), percent abdominal body fat (−26.4 %), and BMI (−6.0 %) in healthy but overweight and obese men and women [101]. Likewise, it was reported [105] that moderate protein intake (25 % of total daily energy intake) and exercise training (6 days per week) resulted in significant decreases in body weight (90.8 ± 4.9 to 85.3 ± 4.7 kg), percent total body fat (36.8 ± 3.0 to 33.2 ± 3.2 %), percent abdominal fat (39.4 ± 2.8 to 36.6 ± 3.0 %), and BMI (32.1 ± 1.0 to 30.1 ± 1.1 kg/m2) in overweight/obese men and women both with exercise (6 days/week) and without exercise. Interestingly, high-protein intake (40 %) in the non-exercising group had significant improvements over 12 weeks in body composition marked by decreases in body weight (94.5 ± 6.5 to 89.3 ± 5.9 kg), percent body fat (40.3 ± 2.4 to 38.3 ± 2.6 %), and waist circumference (102.2 ± 5.8 to 94.3 ± 4.8 cm). These improvements in body composition were made without the addition of an exercise program.