“Traditional diet” (high intake of meat and potatoes and lower intake of soy and cereal) was negatively associated with FEV1 (5th versus 1st quintile −94.4 mL; 95% CI −123.4, −65.5 mL). “Cosmopolitan” was positively associated with wheeze (OR 1.3, 95% CI 1–1.5) and asthma (OR 1.4, 95% CI 1–1.9). No dietary patterns were associated with lung function decline.